This book explains about referencing and there are sections on various citation styles.
The Harvard referencing style uses in-text citation (as opposed to footnote citation). At the point in your essay where you refer to another author's work, in brackets state the last name of the author(s), the year of publication, and a page number if relevant. It looks like this:
At the very end of the essay, there is a reference / bibliographical list. The bibliographical information for each reference is formatted in the following system:
| Book | Author's last name, first name initial. (Year). Title of Book. Place of publication: Publisher |
| Book chapter | Author's last name, first name initial. (Year). 'Title of journal article'. Title of Journal. Volume number (Issue number), page numbers of the whole journal article. |
| Journal article | Author's last name, first name initial. (Year). 'Title of journal article'. Title of Journal. Volume number (Issue Number), page numbers of the whole journal article. |
Below is an example reference list. Note that the list is arranged in alphabetical order.
Adeola O., & Evans O. (2017). 'Financial inclusion, financial development, and economic diversification in Nigeria'. The Journal of Developing Areas, 51(3), 1–15.
Chude N. P., & Chude D. I. (2014). 'Impact of agent banking on performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria'. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(9), pp. 3–10.
Demirgüç-Kunt A., Klapper L., Singer D., Ansar S., & Hess J. (2020). The Global Findex database 2017: Measuring financial inclusion and opportunities to expand access to and use of financial services. The World Bank Economic Review, 34(Suppl. 1), S2–S8.
FATF. (2013–2017). Anti-money laundering and terrorist financing measures and financial inclusion: With a supplement on customer due diligence, FATF, Paris. www.fatf-gafi.org/publications/financialinclusion/documents/financial-inclusion-cdd-2017.html
Makanjuola, Y. (2015) Banking reform in Nigeria: the aftermath of the 2009 financial crisis. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Onyango P. (2013). A survey of consumer adoption of mobile phone banking in Kenya. [Working Paper], University of Nairobi, Kenya.
Rachmawati R., Farda N. M., & Setiyono B. (2020). Model of agents-based branchless banking services development in urban and rural areas. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 52(1), 69–79.
A fun fact about Harvard style is that there is no official manual or formatting rules!
There are a lot of style guides available on the internet, and you may find they vary slightly. (Such as, do you use 'et. al' for more than 4, 7 or 8 authors?)
Cite Them Right: The Essential Referencing Guide | Section E
A Quick Guide to Harvard Referencing | Citation Examples (scribbr.co.uk)
Quick guide to Harvard referencing (Cite Them Right) | Library Services | Open University
How to Cite Sources in Harvard Citation Format | Mendeley
UCL Library Harvard Reference A-Z
Double check with your lecturer first, whether they have a certain guide they want you to follow. If not, use one of the above guides. An important thing about referencing is to be thoroughly consistent, including small details such as punctuation and capitalisation. Once you've decided on which style (and version) to follow, stick to it.
